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| Type | Commercial Circular |
|---|---|
| Topic | general |
| Currency | Currency not verified |
| Point Detection | Mech/Elect | Mech/Elect | Mech/Elect | Elect |
<!-- Slide number: 1 --> # INTERLOCKING Ref : - Operating Manual Signal & Engineering Manual Compiled by : - S Velraj, Inst/Optg <!-- Slide number: 2 --> Means an arrangement of signals, points and other appliances, operated from a panel or lever frame, so inter-connected by mechanical locking or electrical locking or both that their operation must take place in proper sequence to ensure safety. # Definition <!-- Slide number: 3 --> It shall not be possible to take ‘OFF’ conflicting signals at one and the same time. It shall be possible to take ‘off’ signal for a running line only when:- All points on the line are correctly set and facing points locked. LC gates if any are closed and locked against road traffic. Once signal taken ‘OFF’, it shall not be possible to alter the points, to unlock LC Gate etc. until all signals are taken off have been put back. # Principles of interlocking <!-- Slide number: 4 --> Mechanical Interlocking Panel Interlocking (Relay) Route Relay Interlocking Solid State Interlocking # Types of Interlocking <!-- Slide number: 5 --> Functions are operated by levers. Signal taken off only after point is set. Interlocking between signal lever and point lever. Signal lever can be reversed only after point lever in correct position. Size of yards & train movements increased, size of lever frames also. It occupies more space and requires intensive maintenance. # Mechanical Interlocking <!-- Slide number: 6 --> Lever frames gave way to relay interlocking based. Results in faster operation. Fail safe operation and reduced size of building. Due to increase in traffic and expansion of railway network, panel interlocking installations were commissioned. # Panel Interlocking <!-- Slide number: 7 --> RRI is same as panel with eletro mech relays doing the interlocking except that it can be employed for big yards. Interlocking is between one route to another route. SM has to only press two buttons, signal & route buttons. Need not to individually operate the points to the required positon. # Route Relay Interlocking (RRI) <!-- Slide number: 8 --> Computer based interlocking. Complex wiring and interconnections (Electro mech relays) not required in SSI. SSI occupies considerably less space, Consumes less power More reliable and is easy to install and maintain. Initial commissioning and changes due to yard re-modelling can be carried out in negligible time Unlike PI or RRI, Microprocessors (IC’s) are doing the interlocked base on predetermined logic circuits # Solid State Interlocking (SSI) <!-- Slide number: 9 --> Increase in section capacity Faster operation User friendly operation Fail safe technique Multiple mode operation # Advantages of SSI <!-- Slide number: 10 --> Reduces manpower Centralized operation Multiple mode of operation Control cum Indication panel (CCIP) Video display unit (VDU) CTC (centralized Traffic Control) – permits remote control Significant reduction in traffic block time Easier & simple operation. # Significance of SSI for operating staff <!-- Slide number: 11 --> ‘Partial’ interlocking means the points at the facing end alone are interlocked with Home signal. ‘Full’ interlocking means the points at facing and trailing ends are interlocked with Home signal. ‘Indirect’ interlocking means points and signals are operated from different places. ‘Direct’ interlocking means points and signals are operated from a particular place. # Terms related to Interlocking <!-- Slide number: 12 --> Interlocking at stations are of two types Pre revised and Revised Pre revised is of three types namely: - Std I, Std II & Std III Revised standards are of four types:- Std I (R ), Std II ( R ), Std III & Std IV ( R ) # Standards of Signalling and Interlocking <!-- Slide number: 13 --> # Salient features of Pre Revised Interlocking | Features | STD-I | STD-II | STD-III | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Isolation | Optional | Compulsory | Compulsory | | Speed over facing points
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